Secular History | Church History | Ministry to the Dead and Bereaved |
The local ruler determined the "church" of the people in his territory: cujus regio, ejus religio.
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Reformers: Go "back to the basics." Replace meaningless symbols with Scripture and preaching. Rome: Don't throw out the baby with the bath water. Unification and central control of rites. Rites become fixed. Forty Hours Devotion is introduced (looking at the host during the 40 hours Christ was in the tomb).
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The printing press enables the printing and multiplication of indulgences. The misuse of "selling" indulgences (especially to build Saint Peter Basilica in the Vatican) -- "When you coin of offering in the collection bucket rings, the soul of your loved one from purgatory to heaven springs" [it rimes better in German] -- causes Luther to resist this "buying salvation by good works" and to emphasize that it is God's love that save us and we are saved by faith in that love.
The Council of Trent affirms the traditional teaching on indulgences and atonement, and the Sacrifice of the Mass.
The printing press also enables the standardization of ritual prayers in printed books.
1570 Pius V (with the Bull "Quo primum" of July 14, 1570) introduces the Missal of the Council of Trent -- which remains in use until the Second Vatican Council.
1614 The Ritual of the Council of Trent, This Roman Ritual is to be used in all churches that did not have a 200 year custom. (Note: 44 years after the introduction of the Missal.)
MOODLE 2010:
This period is marked particularly by the completion of the Roman Ritual (1614) which codifies the practices that were so varied across the continent. Europe had become much more complex and the Roman Ritual stabilized the changes made up to this period. It also marked the funeral differences for clergy and laity. Used all the way to Vatican II.
Sacerdolate Romanum 1523 – 16 editions in 16th century. Absolution service, prayers at graveside.
Funeral liturgy was diverse. Roman Ritual of 1614 developed and Sacerdotale Romanum was the general manual. Council of Trent ordered uniform liturgical books for the Roman Catholic Church. Ritual books influenced by Sanctorius and Castellani. Custom of burial without rites for non-baptized children. Reformers did not believe praying for the dead conformed to the Gospel.
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© Copyright: Tom Richstatter, Franciscan Province of St. John the Baptist, Cincinnati Ohio, Order of Friars Minor. All Rights Reserved. This page was created by Fr. Thomas Richstatter, O.F.M. Every effort has been, and is being made, to acknowledge sources when the ideas are not my own. Any failure to comply with the United States Copyright Act (Title 17, United States Code) will be corrected immediately should I become aware of it. This site was updated on 03/21/11 . Your comments on this site are welcome at tomrichs@psci.net.